#56 - Muscle plasticity, aging and exercise with Dr Benjamin Miller
Inside Exercise
Metformin and Diabetes
Bariatric surgery expert says people with diabetes should not be put on metformin straight away. He argues that if you want to extend the period of health span, start treatments while you're still healthy.
Dr Glenn McConell chats with Professor Benjamin Miller from the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation (OMRF) who is an expert on muscle proteostasis /plasticity in response to exercise and aging. He has evidence that muscle atrophy with aging may be due more to increased protein breakdown than reduced protein synthesis. He also has found that the top diabetes drug metformin can impair some of the benefits of exercise.
0:00. Introduction and Benjamin’s current employment etc
6:09. Benjamin’s early background in exercise and science
8:05. Healthspan vs lifespan. Can extend lifespan?
13:12. Metformin can impair some of the benefits of exercise
20:15. Metformin and healthspan/lifespan
23:05. Prescribing metformin to diabetics before diet/exercise
25:20. Drugs aren’t as good as exercise for healthspan
27:20. Proteostasis (protein homeostasis)
29:20. Muscle atrophy with aging: mainly due to protein breakdown?
36:40. Muscle fibers have many nuclei
39:00. Muscle nucleus DNA duplication 42:30. Satellite cells not so important for myonuclei?
45:45. Benjamin’s tracer study methods using D2O
49:50. Myonuclear domain, weight training, muscle memory
52:02. Mechanisms of acute atrophy vs aging
54:25. Mitochondria interactions with proteostasis
57:30. Aging drugs and interactions with exercise
59:40. Statins, exercise and muscle
1:00:20. Exercise better than drugs for healthspan
1:00:40. Lactate infusions during exercise
1:04:20. Lactate, exercise and cognitive function.
1:05:20. Tendon collagen synthesis and turnover (and exercise)
1:13:15. Muscle nuclei can migrate to damaged area
1:13:57. Takeaway messages
1:16:58. Outro (9 seconds)
Inside Exercise brings to you the who's who of research in exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and exercise’s effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all.
The interviewer, Emeritus Professor Glenn McConell, has an international research profile following 30 years of Exercise Metabolism research experience while at The University of Melbourne, Ball State University, Monash University, the University of Copenhagen and Victoria University.
He has published over 120 peer reviewed journal articles and recently edited an Exercise Metabolism eBook written by world experts on 17 different topics (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9).
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