Portuguese Conquests and Crusades

Portugal, after 14 hundred, begins to conquer outposts in north africa with the hope of expanding eastward to the holy land. Many people who take part in the spanish conquests of the americas also see those conquests as crusades. The various wars that christian states undertook to try to roll back a the turkish expansion were sometimes declared to be crusades. Also, wars that catholics waged against protestants during and after the reformation in the 15 and 16 hundreds was seen as crusading.