How did sanctions end o being so much stronger than almost any one, maybe anyone, had imagined just days before they were put in place? Was it just the tenacity of the ukranian resistance that kept it and continues to keep it a live issue? Yes. So some of the reporting that read about this suggests that zelenski himself did play a pretty important role in directly appealing to particularly european leaders. The other thing, i think, was alsoa panic reaction and fear, because many people were so taken aback by the russian invasion still,. They felt something truly powerful was needed to respond this russian act. And then the unintended effect, or only partially