This chapter examines the significant demographic changes in South Korea after the Korean War, focusing on declining fertility rates and increased female workforce participation. It explores the socio-economic factors contributing to the crisis, including financial uncertainties, a competitive job market, and cultural pressures on marriage and parenthood. Additionally, it discusses governmental responses and policy measures aimed at encouraging childbearing amidst the growing concerns of an aging population.
South Korea has the world's lowest fertility rate, which indicates the average number of children a woman will have in her lifetime. It recorded a rate of just 0.72 in 2023 – down from 0.78 the previous year, the latest drop in a long string of yearly declines. The country as it stands is on track to disappear
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