Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors - How Do They Work?

Even though patients can develop those good types of immune responses, they very rarely make their own tumors go away with no help. And that's because the tumor itself has all types of mechanisms to kind of check that immune response and prevent it from being able to eradicate the tumor. In a minority, 5% of patients or loss could actually result in complete eradication of the tumors. We've seen it in melanoma where we have patients who've had a complete response and they've been very long-term survivors. But these types of complete responses are quite rare.