The potential to create a wide variety of parallel structures on both a local and global level is significantly greater today than it was in communist Eastern Europe. We must create all kinds of independent parallel structures, that is, structures unmanipulated by totalitarian power. Contributing to the creation of a parallel society could amount to consuming independent media instead of legacy media or using alternative mediums of exchange rather than government-backed fiat currencies. It could amount to creating self-sustainable communities, conducting scientific inquiry or scholarship free of institutional pressures.