Inferences and Knowledge: The Role of Language and Testimony

This chapter explores the nuances of inference, distinguishing between positive and negative types while using analogies to illustrate complex relationships in reasoning. It discusses the cognitive processes involved in naming and understanding objects through prior knowledge and cultural context, as well as the significance of testimony in shaping collective understanding of knowledge. Additionally, the chapter examines the challenges of large-scale conspiracies and the balance between direct perception and trust in authoritative sources.