Introduction

On November 2, 1984, fifty-two-year-old Velma Barfield was executed by lethal injection at North Carolina’s Central Prison, bringing an end to years of legal appeals and emotional debates over the death penalty and how, when, and to whom it gets applied. For six years, Barfield had sat on death row following her conviction for the poisoning murder of her boyfriend Stewart Taylor in 1976; however, during her trial she confessed to killing at least four other people.

Velma Barfield’s trial came at a time in the United States when Americans were just beginning to grapple with the concept of a serial killer, and the idea that a woman could commit such heinous acts seemed entirely inconceivable. Although woman had been sentenced to death for murder before in the US, none had confessed to methodically killing multiple people in such a callous way and for such a trivial reason. The debate only became more complicated following her death sentence, an already complicated subject among Americans that became exponentially so in 1984, when Barfield’s case and personal story became a major talking point for politicians running for office around the state.

Thank you to the Incredible Dave White of Bring Me the Axe Podcast for Research!

References

Associated Press. 1984. "Hunt hopes Barfield's death will be deterrent." Asheville Citizen-Times, November 3: 1.

—. 1978. "Woman charged in poisoning ." Charlotte Obvserver, March 15: 1.

Barfield, Velma. 1985. Woman on Death Row. Nashville, TN: Oliver-Nelson .

Bledsoe, Jerry. 1998. Death Sentence: The True Story of Velma Barfield's Life, Crimes, and Punishment. Dutton: Boston, MA.

Carroll, Ginny. 1978. "Confessed poisoner awaits death." News and Observer, December 10: 1.

Charlotte Observer. 1984. "New Evidence: Velma Barfield's Sickness." Charlotte Observer, October 31: 12.

Journal Wire. 1984. "200 gather at funeral of Velma Barfield." Winston-Salem Journal, November 4: 35.

Margie Velma Barfield v. James C. Woodward, Secretary of Corrections; Nathan A. Rice,warden; Rufus Edmisten, Attorney General, Appellees. 1984. 748 F.2d 844 (US Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, November 1).

Maxwell, Connie. 1984. "State executes Velma Barfield." Chapel Hill Newspaper, November 2: 1.

Monk, John, Sue Anne Pressley, and Gary Wright. 1984. "Velma Barfield executed by injection." Charlotte Observer, November 2: 1.

Ness and Observer. 1978. "Jailed woman eyed in more deaths." News and Observer, March 15: 1.

New York Times. 1984. "Relatives of murder victims urge no clemency for Carolina killer." New York Times, September 20: B15.

News and Observer. 1980. "Lawyer says he coached Mrs. Barfield." News and Observer, November 18: 17.

Pearsall, Chip. 1978. "Barfield jury calls for death." News and Observer, December 3: 1.

Stein, George. 1978. "Arsenic trail: Lumberton asks where it will end." Charlotte News, May 27: 1.

The Robesonian. 1969. "Parkton man succumbs to smoke inhalation." The Robesonian, April 22: 1.

Tilley, Greta. 1980. "She doesn't want to die." News and Record, September 21: 1.

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