In the 19 forties and 19 fifties, steel makers accepted massive subsidies from the federal government to expand capacity. The firms pursued through extensive, not intensive, growth, more and bigger plants rather than more technically advanced and efficient ones. But ultimately, squeezing workers in this way couldn't solve the industries lumns. In a place like pittsburg again, they 'll all go to the same churches,' says Andrew Keen.
Historian Gabriel Winant discusses The Next Shift: The Fall of Industry and the Rise of Health Care in Rust Belt America. It's a fascinating study of the emergence of the service sector and a new working class out of the wreckage of deindustrialization through the story of the rise and fall of unionized steel in Pittsburgh and its replacement by a massive hospital industry.
Listen to my past interview with Winant on the social worlds that make US politics and how that sociality is rooted in the economy, carceral state, social media, religion, and more thedigradio.com/podcast/the-social-question-with-gabriel-winant
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Check out The After-Normal: Brief, Alphabetical Essays on a Changing Planet, by David Carlin and Nicole Walker rosemetalpress.com/books/the-after-normal