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Navigating Political Axes: Open vs. Closed
This chapter examines the political divide illustrated by the 'open vs. closed' framework, contrasting champions of globalization with authoritarian populists like Salvini and Orban. It delves into the complexities faced by left-wing parties in the West and analyzes the electoral dynamics in France, specifically the duality of Macron's centrism against Le Pen's right-wing populism. The discussion highlights the potential for centrism to navigate modern political challenges and the implications of these dynamics for the future of European politics.