Plagues and Peoples

In 'Plagues and Peoples', William H. McNeill examines the historical context of the spread and effects of various diseases, such as smallpox, the bubonic plague, and typhoid.

He argues that two forces, micro-parasitism (the influence of diseases through bacilli and viruses on humans) and macro-parasitism (the spread of disease through human activities like military campaigns, colonialism, and trade), have significantly shaped world history.

The book covers the evolution of disease environments from early human societies to the AIDS epidemic, highlighting how ecological changes, trade networks, and human expansion have influenced the spread of diseases.

McNeill's work challenges traditional views of history by emphasizing the crucial role of disease in shaping human populations, cultures, and societies.