1 Esdras

1 Esdras (First Esdras) is an ancient Greek composition that overlaps substantially with material found in Ezra and Nehemiah but exhibits a different organization and some variant episodes.

It was widely read in certain Hellenistic Jewish and early Christian circles and survives in Greek and later translations.

The work preserves valuable textual variants and sheds light on how scriptural narratives were transmitted and received in the diaspora.

Although not canonical in most modern Bibles, it appears in several ancient canons and remains relevant for biblical textual studies.

Scholars use 1 Esdras to trace interpretive traditions and the reception history of the Ezra‑Nehemiah narrative.